Creative BioMart is a well-known expert who uses various protein domains as non-antibody scaffolds to produce synthetic binding proteins that have the ability to bind to molecules. With years of experience, we successfully designed repeat proteins based on non-antibody scaffolds to precisely meet customer requirements.

Introduction of Repeat Protein

Repeat proteins play a key role in molecular recognition, signal transmission, and other basic biological processes. These proteins are composed of a variable number of basic structural elements repeated in series along the longitudinal axis. They can adopt different shapes according to the geometric and symmetrical relationship between the repeating modules. Residue-residue interactions on these molecules are mostly confined within each repetition or to the interfaces between adjacent ones and in principle local perturbations are not propagated to distant regions in the structure. In their natural context, repeat proteins are frequently found mediating protein-protein interactions, with a specificity rivaling that of antibodies. In recent years, new protein modeling tools have facilitated the design of new repetitive proteins, creating possibilities beyond natural scaffolds. Compared with naturally occurring proteins, the designed repeat proteins have higher thermal stability.

Fig 1. Designing repeat proteins. (Parmeggiani F, et al., 2017)

Services

A core issue in protein evolution is the degree to which naturally-occurring proteins sample the folding structure space that is accessible to polypeptide chains. Repeat proteins seem to be very attractive as a general binding protein choice. As a leading service provider of protein engineering, Creative BioMart can design new repeat proteins with precisely specified geometric structures for molecular recognition and modular scaffold applications.

The repeat protein is an excellent model for studying the sequence-structure-dynamics-function relationship, because its simplified topology can minimize long-range interactions within the polypeptide chain. Based on the protein design strategy of repeat proteins as scaffolds, Creative BioMart has successfully established a repetitive protein design platform and established the following methods for the required repeat proteins:

• Modular approach: the similarity of repetitive units within proteins at the structural and sequence levels indicates the possibility of designing ideal units with family characteristics. Our scientists explore modularity at two different levels: sequence analysis of natural protein motifs and structure-based design. Create custom scaffolds for various applications by creating a modular system of repeated proteins.
• Computational design: our scientists use computational protein design to study folded structures produced by repeating simple helix-loop-helix-loop structural motifs in tandem, discovering the existence of other common structures that may not have been discovered.
• Combination method: we have developed a new repetitive protein calculation method that combines de novo structure generation and design methods with protein family-based sequence and structural information. The leucine-rich repetitive sequence (LRR) family is used as a scaffold to design repetitive proteins that can reasonably modify the curvature of the array. Among them, our most abundant and well-researched repeat proteins are highly praised by customers around the world, including tetrapeptide repeats (TPR), ankyrin repeats (ANK), leucine-rich repeats (LRR), armadillo repeats Sequences (ARMs) and hexapeptide repeats (HPR) have been widely used to study protein folding. They provide a way to analyze the contribution to the folding free energy of a single structural element and study the synergy between repeating units.

Based on the protein engineering platform, we have successfully designed a variety of platforms for different applications to produce special proteins. We will work with you to develop the most appropriate strategy and provide the most meaningful data for your research for accelerating the research of life sciences. If you are interested in our services, please do not hesitate to contact us for more information.

References

1. Parmeggiani F, Huang PS. (2017) Designing repeat proteins: a modular approach to protein design. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 45:116-123.
2. Gidley F, Parmeggiani F. (2021) Repeat proteins: designing new shapes and functions for solenoid folds. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 68: 208-214.

• Avimers Protein Design
• Immunoglobulin-Like β-Sandwich Protein Design
• Single Loop Protein Design
• Zinc Finger Protein Design
• α-Helical Scaffolds Protein Design
• β-Barrel Protein Design
• β-Sheet Surface Protein Design